Nonlinear dimensionality reduction: Alternative ordination approaches for extracting and visualizing biodiversity patterns in tropical montane forest vegetation data

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction: Alternative ordination approaches for extracting and visualizing biodiversity patterns in tropical montane forest vegetation data Miguel D. Mahecha⁎, Alfredo Martínez, Gunnar Lischeid, Erwin Beck Ecological Modelling, Bayreuth Centre for Ecology and Ecosystem Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07701 Jena, Germany Plant Physiology, Bayreuth Centre for Ecology and Ecosystem Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany